Medical English - 医療英語

Body Systems & Anatomy

System	Japanese	Key Organs
Cardiovascular	循環器系	heart, blood vessels, arteries, veins
Respiratory	呼吸器系	lungs, trachea, bronchi, diaphragm
Digestive	消化器系	stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas
Nervous	神経系	brain, spinal cord, nerves
Musculoskeletal	筋骨格系	muscles, bones, joints, tendons
Endocrine	内分泌系	thyroid, adrenal glands, pituitary
Immune	免疫系	lymph nodes, white blood cells, spleen
Urinary	泌尿器系	kidneys, bladder, urethra
Reproductive	生殖器系	ovaries, uterus, testes
Integumentary	外皮系	skin, hair, nails

English	Japanese	Example
temple	こめかみ	I have a headache around my temples.
shin	向こうずね	I hit my shin on the table.
calf	ふくらはぎ	My calves are sore from running.
groin	鼠径部	He pulled a muscle in his groin.
nape (of the neck)	うなじ	Tension in the nape of my neck.
rib	肋骨	She cracked a rib.
pelvis	骨盤	She fractured her pelvis.
spine	背骨	He has a spinal cord injury.
collarbone	鎖骨	She broke her collarbone.
Adam's apple	喉仏	His Adam's apple bobbed when he swallowed.

Symptom	Japanese	Example Sentence
headache	頭痛	I have a splitting headache.
migraine	偏頭痛	She suffers from migraines.
fever	熱	He's running a fever of 38.5°C.
chills	悪寒	I've got the chills.
cough	咳	I have a persistent dry cough.
sore throat	喉の痛み	I woke up with a sore throat.
runny nose	鼻水	I can't stop my runny nose.
stuffy/congested nose	鼻づまり	My nose is completely congested.
nausea	吐き気	I'm feeling nauseous.
dizziness	めまい	I've been experiencing dizziness.
fatigue	疲労	Chronic fatigue is affecting my work.
rash	発疹	I developed a rash on my arms.
swelling	腫れ	There's swelling around my ankle.
bruise	あざ	I have a large bruise on my leg.
cramp	けいれん	I'm getting cramps in my leg.
stiffness	こわばり	I have stiffness in my neck.
numbness	しびれ	I have numbness in my fingers.
shortness of breath	息切れ	I've been having shortness of breath.
chest pain	胸痛	He's complaining of chest pain.
heartburn	胸やけ	I get heartburn after eating spicy food.
bloating	お腹の張り	I feel bloated after meals.
constipation	便秘	I've had constipation for three days.
diarrhea	下痢	I've had diarrhea since yesterday.
insomnia	不眠症	I've been struggling with insomnia.
itching	かゆみ	The itching is driving me crazy.

Term	Japanese	Example
diagnosis	診断	The diagnosis is a bacterial infection.
prescription	処方箋	I'll write you a prescription.
dosage	用量	Take the recommended dosage.
side effects	副作用	Watch out for side effects.
follow-up	経過観察	Schedule a follow-up appointment.
referral	紹介状	I'll give you a referral to a specialist.
blood test	血液検査	We need to run a blood test.
X-ray	レントゲン	Let's take an X-ray of your chest.
MRI	MRI	We'll schedule an MRI.
ultrasound	エコー/超音波	The ultrasound showed no abnormalities.
surgery	手術	You may need surgery.
physical therapy	理学療法	I recommend physical therapy.

Condition	Japanese	Notes
common cold	風邪	I've caught a cold.
flu (influenza)	インフルエンザ	She's down with the flu.
COVID-19	コロナ	He tested positive for COVID.
allergy	アレルギー	I have a pollen allergy.
asthma	喘息	She has asthma.
diabetes	糖尿病	He was diagnosed with diabetes.
hypertension	高血圧	She has high blood pressure.
anemia	貧血	She's been diagnosed with anemia.
arthritis	関節炎	He suffers from arthritis.
fracture	骨折	She has a fracture in her wrist.
sprain	捻挫	I sprained my ankle.
concussion	脳震盪	He got a concussion from the fall.
infection	感染症	It's a bacterial infection.
inflammation	炎症	There's inflammation in the joint.
stroke	脳卒中	He had a stroke last year.
heart attack	心臓発作	Call 911 — I think he's having a heart attack!

Type	Japanese	Example
painkiller / analgesic	鎮痛剤	Take a painkiller for the headache.
antibiotic	抗生物質	The doctor prescribed antibiotics.
anti-inflammatory	抗炎症薬	Use an anti-inflammatory cream.
antihistamine	抗ヒスタミン薬	Take an antihistamine for allergies.
antidepressant	抗うつ薬	She's on antidepressants.
blood thinner	血液希釈薬	He takes blood thinners.
vaccine	ワクチン	Did you get your flu vaccine?
supplement	サプリメント	I take vitamin D supplements.
ointment	軟膏	Apply the ointment twice a day.
inhaler	吸入器	She uses an inhaler for asthma.